Periodontics is the branch of dentistry that treats diseases of the gums and the bone that supports the teeth.
Periodontal lesions are caused by the accumulation of bacteria, which cause alterations of the periodontal. If they are not treated, these ailments advance progressively, and can cause the fall of the teeth and various conditions in our body.
Periodontal disease
Periodontal disease encompasses outbreaks with minimal symptomatology and can lead to the destruction of the gums and bone that holds the teeth. There are two types of periodontal diseases:
Gingivitis. This is the initial phase of periodontal disease, which is caused by the accumulation of bacterial plaque. It transforms into tartar, which irritates and inflames the gums. The most common symptoms are redness of the area and bleeding gums.
Periodontitis. It is a serious and irreversible periodontal disease, affecting between 15% and 20% of adults between 35 and 44 years old, according to the World Health Organization. This pathology is characterized by the structural loss of the insertion apparatus. Periodontitis is the main reason for tooth decay in adults. This disorder is not common in children, but its presence increases during adolescence.
Risk Factors for Periodontal Disease
Here are some of the causes why you can get periodontal disease:
- Bacteria with greater pathogenic capacity.
- Genetic factors.
- Stress
- Alcohol intake.
- Overweight
- Smoking
- Systemic diseases (diabetes, osteoporosis, etc.).
- Drugs that produce gingival overgrowth.
- Poor oral hygiene habits.
- Poorly positioned teeth.
- Poorly adjusted fillings.
The main reason why periodontal diseases occur is due to weak or poor dental hygiene. To avoid these diseases it is necessary to constantly and properly perform dental cleaning with brush, dental floss and mouthwash. In addition, regularly going to the dentist and hygienist helps prevent the appearance of oral diseases.
